2. Timoteovi 3:1 (\u201eTo v\u0161ak v\u011bz, \u017ee v posledn\u00edch dnech nastanou t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy.\u201c) je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pochopit, co Pavel mysl\u00ed \u201eposledn\u00edmi dny\u201c. Tento term\u00edn v jeho listech a v cel\u00e9m Nov\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b odkazuje na obdob\u00ed p\u0159echodu mezi starou a novou smlouvou \u2013 tedy na dobu prvn\u00edho stolet\u00ed, kdy doch\u00e1zelo k napln\u011bn\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova p\u0159\u00edchodu a k uzav\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bk\u016f, co\u017e vyvrcholilo rokem 70 n. l.<\/p>\n
Ve ver\u0161\u00edch 2\u20135 Pavel popisuje konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed v t\u011bchto \u201et\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch \u010dasech\u201c: budou sobe\u010dt\u00ed, chamtiv\u00ed, py\u0161n\u00ed, rouhav\u00ed, neposlu\u0161n\u00ed,
\nbudou m\u00edt formu zbo\u017enosti, ale budou zap\u00edrat jej\u00ed moc.
\nPavel ve sv\u00fdch listech opakovan\u011b \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00e9 u\u010ditele z\u00e1kona, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed vnucovat v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161\u016fv z\u00e1kon jako podm\u00ednku spravedlnosti. Tito lid\u00e9 vystupovali jako zbo\u017en\u00ed, ale ve skute\u010dnosti br\u00e1nili lidem poznat skute\u010dnou svobodu v Kristu. Pavel \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201eOd takov\u00fdch se odvracej.\u201c<\/p>\n
Judaiz\u00e9\u0159i p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli b\u0159emeno z\u00e1kona, zat\u00edmco Pavel p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161el svobodu kone\u010dn\u00e9ho zjeven\u00ed v Kristu. Proto taky v Galatsk\u00fdm 5:1 p\u00ed\u0161e: \u201ePro svobodu n\u00e1s Kristus vysvobodil. St\u016fjte tedy pevn\u011b a nenechte se znovu zap\u0159\u00e1hnout do otrock\u00e9ho jha.\u201c<\/p>\n
Podobn\u011b 1. Timoteovi 4:1 (\u201eDuch v\u00fdslovn\u011b prav\u00ed, \u017ee v posledn\u00edch \u010dasech n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odstoup\u00ed od v\u00edry a budou se dr\u017eet bludn\u00fdch duch\u016f a u\u010den\u00ed d\u00e9mon\u016f.\u201c).<\/p>\n
Tady se nab\u00edz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: Co jsou ta d\u00e9monick\u00e1 u\u010den\u00ed?
\nKdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1me do ver\u0161\u016f 2\u20133, vid\u00edme, \u017ee Pavel mluv\u00ed o p\u0159\u00edkazech zdr\u017eovat se pokrm\u016f a zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kaz\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se man\u017eelstv\u00ed.
\nTo dokonale sed\u00ed na asketick\u00e9 a z\u00e1konick\u00e9 tendence judaiz\u00e9r\u016f:
\nOmezovali j\u00eddlo (mo\u017en\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u017eidovsk\u00fdch potravn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f).
\nZakazovali man\u017eelstv\u00ed (mo\u017en\u00e1 kv\u016fli n\u011bjak\u00fdm ritu\u00e1ln\u00edm \u010distotn\u00edm p\u0159edpis\u016fm).<\/p>\n
Tohle v\u0161echno ale Pavel odm\u00edt\u00e1 \u2013 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161e bylo stvo\u0159eno k u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed s d\u00edk\u016fvzd\u00e1n\u00edm (v. 3) a \u017ee nic nen\u00ed ne\u010dist\u00e9 samo o sob\u011b (viz \u0158\u00edman\u016fm 14:14).<\/p>\n
\u201ePosledn\u00ed dny\u201c v t\u011bchto textech nejsou o na\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b, ale o dob\u011b Pavla, kdy judaiz\u00e9\u0159i aktivn\u011b naru\u0161ovali novou cestu v\u00edry v Krista a sna\u017eili se vnutit z\u00e1kon jako cestu k Bohu.<\/p>\n
2. Tesalonick\u00fdm 2:3-4, b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto ch\u00e1p\u00e1na jako \u201eproroctv\u00ed o konci sv\u011bta\u201c, p\u0159itom je to op\u011bt o p\u0159echodn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed mezi smlouvami.<\/p>\n
Pavel \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee Krist\u016fv den nenastane, dokud nedojde k odpadnut\u00ed a nebude zjeven \u010dlov\u011bk bezz\u00e1konnosti (\u201esyn zatracen\u00ed, kter\u00fd se stav\u00ed na odpor a povy\u0161uje se nad v\u0161echno, co se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 Bohem\u201c).<\/p>\n
Tohle b\u00fdv\u00e1 vykl\u00e1d\u00e1no jako p\u0159\u00edchod antikrista, ale kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na dobov\u00fd kontext, vif\u00edme n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n
Jan z Giskaly jako historick\u00e1 postava dokonale zapad\u00e1 do toho, co Pavel popisuje jako \u201e\u010dlov\u011bka bezz\u00e1konnosti\u201c. Kdy\u017e si spoj\u00edme konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed historickou ud\u00e1lost se \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm kontextem judaiz\u00e9r\u016f a chr\u00e1mov\u00e9ho kultu, dost\u00e1v\u00e1me dvoj\u00ed napln\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 jak symbolick\u00e9, tak doslovn\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Jan z Giskaly jako \u010dlov\u011bk bezz\u00e1konnosti
\n1. Velekn\u011b\u017esk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad si fakticky uzurpoval \u2013 i kdy\u017e ne ve smyslu ob\u0159adn\u00edho velekn\u011b\u017estv\u00ed, ovl\u00e1dl chr\u00e1m a choval se jako \u201enejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed autorita\u201c. V podstat\u011b se pasoval na Bo\u017e\u00edho z\u00e1stupce v chr\u00e1mu.
\n2. Posadil se v chr\u00e1mu \u2013 doslova si s bojovn\u00edky podrobil chr\u00e1mov\u00fd prostor a kontroloval ob\u011btn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.
\n3. Stav\u011bl se nad v\u0161echno, co se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 Bohem \u2013 nejen\u017ee zneuctil chr\u00e1m, ale p\u0159\u00edmo zab\u00edjel skute\u010dn\u00e9 kn\u011bze a obsazoval \u00fa\u0159ady vlastn\u00edmi lidmi.
\n4. P\u0159inesl ohavnost zpusto\u0161en\u00ed \u2013 jeho \u010diny nakonec vedly k napln\u011bn\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova varov\u00e1n\u00ed, kone\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch arm\u00e1d.
\nTady vid\u00edme doslovn\u00e9 napln\u011bn\u00ed Pavlov\u00fdch slov b\u011bhem \u017eidovsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Pavel sice psal o syst\u00e9mu judaiz\u00e9r\u016f, ale tento syst\u00e9m kulminoval konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed postavou, kter\u00e1 v roce 70 n. l. doslova sed\u011bla v chr\u00e1mu jako samozvan\u00fd vl\u00e1dce.<\/p>\n
Judaiz\u00e9rsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m jako \u010dlov\u011bk bezz\u00e1konnosti<\/p>\n
1. Judaiz\u00e9\u0159i br\u00e1nili p\u0159echodu ke kone\u010dn\u00e9mu zjeven\u00ed \u2013 tvrdili, \u017ee Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161\u016fv z\u00e1kon st\u00e1le plat\u00ed, a odd\u011blovali lidi od Krista.
\n2. Tvrdili, \u017ee maj\u00ed autoritu nad spravedlnost\u00ed \u2013 nastavovali pravidla sp\u00e1sy, ale jejich syst\u00e9m u\u017e byl v Bo\u017e\u00edch o\u010d\u00edch odsouzen k z\u00e1niku.
\n3. Chr\u00e1m a z\u00e1kon byly do\u010dasn\u00e9, ale necht\u011bli to p\u0159ijmout \u2013 Pavel v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee star\u00fd v\u011bk brzy skon\u010d\u00ed, ale judaiz\u00e9\u0159i se ho sna\u017eili udr\u017eet p\u0159i \u017eivot\u011b.
\nTohle je jeden ze siln\u00fdch argument\u016f proti futuristick\u00fdm v\u00fdklad\u016fm, kter\u00e9 v tom hledaj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9ho modern\u00edho antikrista. Pavel nepsal o na\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b, psal o ud\u00e1lostech, kter\u00e9 se naplnily v prvn\u00edm stolet\u00ed!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
2. Timoteovi 3:1 (\u201eTo v\u0161ak v\u011bz, \u017ee v posledn\u00edch dnech nastanou t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy.\u201c) je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pochopit, co Pavel mysl\u00ed \u201eposledn\u00edmi dny\u201c. Tento term\u00edn v jeho listech a v cel\u00e9m Nov\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b odkazuje na obdob\u00ed p\u0159echodu mezi starou a novou smlouvou \u2013 tedy na dobu prvn\u00edho stolet\u00ed, kdy doch\u00e1zelo k napln\u011bn\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[63],"class_list":["post-10401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky","tag-robert-krejci"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10401"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10401\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10402,"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10401\/revisions\/10402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sozo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}